Another Aspect of an Early Gold Coast Nationalist: S. R. B. Attoh Ahuma’s Missionary Work before the End of the Nineteenth Century Yasuo MIZOBE In 1895, S. R. B. Attoh Ahuma, an early nationalist of the British Gold Coast, devoted himself to clerical work in his capacity as the superintendent of the Axim district of the Wesleyan Methodist Church, British Gold Coast. At the time, the church had become aware of a ‘traditional custom’ of killing the Badu, or the tenth child, prevalent in a place called Appolonia in this district. Attoh Ahuma himself, as a Methodist minister, went there to ‘rescue’ the mothers and babies in danger, while urging the local chiefs to eliminate this traditional custom as well as appealing to the colonial government to take legal measures to abolish this practice. His criticism of the traditional custom and appeal for governmental interference apparently make a sharp contrast with his ‘fervent nationalism’ after the turn of the twentieth century, on which existing studies have focused. This paper offers a case study of the formation of the early West African nationalists, describing Attoh Ahuma’s life and missionary work before the end of the nineteenth century. In addition, it explores how his missionary activities, directly or indirectly, influenced the unification of the south-western region of the Gold Coast.